Resting just below India in the midst of Southern Asia is Sri Lanka. Boasting a rich history, the people of Sri Lanka can trace their culture back to the late sixth century, and by the third century, Buddhism was beginning to take shape in the country. Formerly under the rule of the Portuguese, Dutch, and British, Sri Lanka’s official name is the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka officially gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1948. The official Day of Independence in Sri Lanka is February 4, 1948. It was formerly known as Ceylon, and the capital is Colombo. The country officially changed its name to Sri Lanka in 1972.
There are two main political parties in Sri Lanka: the United National Party and the Sri Lanka Freedom Party. There are nine provinces that make up various districts in Sri Lanka. These provinces are as follows: Central, Eastern, Northern, Southern, Western, North Central, North Western, Sabaragamuwa, and Uva. Much of Sri Lanka’s weather is prone to monsoons, with the months of November, April, and May being those that do not experience either southern or northern monsoons. The Southern monsoon season runs from May until July, and the Northern monsoon season runs from October until January. The people of Sri Lanka are made up of various ethnic groups. These include the Sinhalese, Sri Lankan Moors, Indian and Lankan Tamils, and others. The predominant religion is Buddhism, with the remaining religions being a mix of Islam, Hinduism, and Christianity.
The official language in Sri Lanka is Sinhala, with Tamil following. Many people in official positions speak English, and a small portion of the public speaks English as well. Those traveling to Sri Lanka will need to understand their currency, which is the Sri Lankan rupee. Though there are English speakers in the country, it is a good idea to familiarize yourself with some Sinhala to communicate easily with others. Several cities are popular destinations for tourists. These include Ratnapura, Polonnaruwa, Nuwara Eliya, Kurunegala, Kandy, Jaffna, Galle, Colombo, and Anuradhapura. Most people flying to Sri Lanka will need to take a direct flight from Asia or the Middle East. There are several direct flights from Europe; however, there are none from North America. Several cruise lines include Sri Lanka in their destinations, making it a popular choice for many travelers. Be sure to understand various rules and regulations regarding required visas before planning your trip.
There are many great sites to see in Sri Lanka. Here is a list of the top 18 places to visit in Sri Lanka during your stay.
Sri Lanka Day Tours
- Adventure Variety: Offers a wide range of activities including rainforest explorations, white-water rafting, deep-sea fishing, and kite surfing.
- Eco-Friendly: Operated by Eco Team, focusing on sustainable tourism.
- Popular Activities: Whale and dolphin watching, exploring caves, and river safaris.
- Guided Tours: All activities are guided, ensuring safety and in-depth knowledge of the areas.
- Locations: Tours available across various regions of Sri Lanka.
Those visiting Sri Lanka may wish to participate in one of the exciting Sri Lanka day tours. With a number of packages including adventures in the rainforest, white-water rafting, deep-sea fishing, kite surfing, exploring Adam’s Peak, enjoying a river safari, whale and dolphin watching, exploring caves, or diving, there is certain to be an adventure for everyone. Sri Lanka Day Tours are operated by Eco Team, located in Colombo.
Horton Plains National Park
- UNESCO World Heritage Site: Recognized for its biodiversity and natural beauty.
- Wildlife: Home to animals like the Sri Lankan Leopard, Sambar Deer, and toque macaques.
- Scenic Views: Famous for “World’s End,” a sheer cliff offering breathtaking views.
- Established: Created as a nature preserve in 1969.
- Activities: Hiking, wildlife watching, and photography.
Horton Plains National Park is located in the Central Province near Nuwara Eliya and Kandy. It was established as a nature preserve in 1969. The park’s former name was Maha Eliya Thenna, but it was renamed by the British. There is a fee required to enter the park, which is a UNESCO World Heritage site and is beautifully maintained. Once home to the Sri Lankan Elephant, the park is now home to a number of other animals, including the Sambar Deer, Kelaart’s Long-clawed Shrew, toque macaques, stripe-necked mongooses, rusty-spotted cats, and the Sri Lankan Leopard. Horton Plains National Park is a popular tourist attraction and is well revered for its beauty.
Nuwara Eliyaand Tea Country
- Tea Plantations: Known for lush tea estates producing world-famous Ceylon tea.
- Scenic Beauty: Popular for its picturesque landscape with mountains, lakes, and rolling hills.
- Cool Climate: Often referred to as “Little England” for its cool, temperate weather.
- Hindu Temples: Features ancient temples with historical significance.
- Walking Trails: Numerous trails for nature walks and tea estate tours.
Located in Nuwara Eliya, the Tea Country is a scenic area with plenty of walking paths and views. Be prepared to enjoy the beautiful scenery while visiting many of the retail shops and enjoying a variety of teas. Those who have an appreciation for the historical aspects of Hindu temples will find this a wonderful trip.
Mihintale
- Buddhist Significance: Known as the cradle of Buddhism in Sri Lanka.
- Rock Summit: Offers panoramic views of Anuradhapura and surrounding landscapes.
- Historical Site: Features ancient monastic buildings and inscriptions.
- Religious Site: A revered pilgrimage location for Buddhists.
- Admission Fee: Visitors are required to pay a fee to enter.
You’ll need to pay to visit this religious site located in Anuradhapura, but many say it is well worth it. The area is considered a Buddhist holy site and features an incredible rock summit that can be climbed and explored. Once on top of the rock, you can see a magnificent view of Sri Lanka.
Nallur Kovil
- Religious Importance: A significant Hindu temple in Jaffna, dedicated to the god Murugan.
- Architecture: A fine example of traditional South Indian temple architecture.
- Free Entry: No fee required, but modest dress code enforced.
- Cultural Heritage: The temple showcases vibrant rituals and festivals.
- Tourist Attraction: Popular among both religious pilgrims and tourists.
In the midst of Jaffna is another religious site that is a popular tourist attraction. The temple is stunning to see and is a beautiful example of Sri Lankan architecture, style, and design. The temple is free to enter, but men must take off their shirts, and women must ensure their legs and shoulders remain covered.
Old Town of Galle and its Fortifications
- Historical Significance: A UNESCO World Heritage Site with a mix of Dutch, Portuguese, and British influences.
- Fortress: Features well-preserved fortifications, bastions, and cobbled streets.
- Scenic Views: Offers views of Mirissa Beach and the Indian Ocean.
- Cultural Hub: Home to museums, art galleries, and local shops.
- Dolphin Watching: The area is famous for dolphin watching tours.
A fee-based historic site located in Galle, the fortifications and the city provide plenty of activities for those who enjoy sightseeing and want to explore some of the local shops. The town is a great spot to visit, and you can view Mirissa Beach from the area. Many also enjoy a day of dolphin watching from the water.
Polonnaruwa
- Ancient Capital: Was the capital of Sri Lanka from the 11th to 13th century.
- UNESCO Site: A UNESCO World Heritage Site with well-preserved ruins.
- Historical Ruins: Includes temples, palaces, and ancient statues of Buddha.
- Popular Hotel: Polonnaruwa Resthouse overlooks scenic lakes and gardens.
- Bike Tours: Popular for biking tours to explore the archaeological park.
The Polonnaruwa Resthouse is a hotel located in Sri Lanka. The hotel offers a beautiful atmosphere as it overlooks the water. Those looking for a place to stay in Polonnaruwa may choose to stay at the Resthouse.
Dambulla Cave Temple
- Golden Cave Temple: Also known as the Golden Temple due to its golden painted entrance.
- Buddha Statues: Houses over 150 Buddha statues.
- Cultural Landmark: An important Buddhist pilgrimage site.
- Free Admission: Visitors can explore the temple complex for free.
- Rock Art: Features ancient murals depicting the life of Buddha.
Located in Dambulla, the cave temple is sometimes referred to as the Golden Cave Temple. It’s free to explore. Go with a guide and view the many Buddha statues that reside in the temple. The cave temple is a very popular tourist attraction.
Muthurajawela Marsh
- Wildlife Reserve: A vast wetland and wildlife preserve in Negombo.
- Biodiversity: Home to various species, including monkeys, water monitors, and birds.
- Guided Tours: Boat tours through the marsh are available.
- Ecological Significance: Important for biodiversity conservation.
- Access Fee: An entrance fee is required for visitors.
Muthurajawela Marsh is a natural wildlife preserve in Negombo, Sri Lanka. There is an entrance fee required, but it is well worth it. You’ll enjoy seeing beautiful animals that call the marsh home, including monkeys and water monitors.
Gregory Lake
- Serene Setting: A peaceful lake surrounded by mountains and gardens.
- Boating: Popular for boating and other water activities.
- Located in Nuwara Eliya: A popular tourist destination in the hill country.
- Relaxation Spot: Ideal for picnics and leisure activities.
- Fee Required: Visitors need to pay a fee to enter.
Gregory Lake is located in Nuwara Eliya, and a fee is required for entrance. The lake is serene and provides the perfect setting when you want to take in the tranquil scenery of Sri Lanka’s natural wonders. There are boats available for water activities as well.
Labookellie Tea Centre
- Tea Production: Offers insights into Sri Lanka’s tea-making process.
- Free Tour: Guided tours available to learn about the history of Ceylon tea.
- Tea Tasting: A chance to taste a variety of freshly brewed teas.
- Location: Situated in the tea country region of Nuwara Eliya.
- Souvenirs: The gift shop sells high-quality Sri Lankan tea.
Take a factory tour of the Labookellie Tea Centre located in Nuwara Eliya. The guided tour is free, and there is a splendid gift shop where you can enjoy the delicious flavors of Sri Lankan tea.
Ruwanweliseya Dagoba
- Sacred Site: A significant Buddhist religious site in Anuradhapura.
- Largest Dagoba: One of the largest and most revered stupas in Sri Lanka.
- Architectural Wonder: Known for its massive size and intricate carvings.
- Pilgrimage Site: A major destination for Buddhist pilgrims.
- Admission Fee: Visitors are required to pay an entrance fee.
An incredible fee-based tourist attraction in Anuradhapura, Ruwanweliseya Dagoba is an amazing architectural structure and religious site. The Ruwanweliseya Dagoba is considered the most sacred Dagoba throughout all of Sri Lanka.
Negombo Beach
- Golden Sands: A beautiful beach with golden sand and clear waters.
- Water Sports: Offers activities like snorkeling, diving, and fishing.
- Popular Among Tourists: Attracts both local and international visitors.
- Relaxation Spot: Great for sunbathing and beach walks.
- Fee Required: Entrance fee to enjoy beach amenities.
One of Negombo’s most popular attractions is the beach. You must pay a fee to enter, and you’ll find the sands are golden and the water is pristine blue. You can enjoy deep-sea diving in the waters as well.
Aluvihara Rock Cave Temple
- Historical Site: A key Buddhist site dating back to the 2nd century BCE.
- Famous for Murals: The temple’s rock walls feature ancient Buddhist art.
- Religious Importance: Associated with the history of Sri Lankan Buddhism.
- Free Admission: Visitors can explore the temple without paying a fee.
- Tranquil Atmosphere: Provides a peaceful setting for reflection and meditation.
Located in Dambulla, the Aluvihara Rock Cave Temple is a revered Buddhist holy site where the rocks display a graphic demonstration of Buddhist Hell.
Somawathiya Chaitya Sanctuary
- Buddhist Sanctuary: A sacred Buddhist site in Polonnaruwa.
- Ancient Stupa: Features a large stupa believed to enshrine relics of Buddha.
- Scenic Park: Surrounded by lush greenery and peaceful landscapes.
- Cultural Heritage: Hosts significant Buddhist statues and sculptures.
- Free Entry: Visitors can explore the sanctuary without a fee.
The Somawathiya Chaitya Sanctuary is a religious attraction in Polonnaruwa that is free to access. A beautiful park area, the sanctuary features amazing architecture with Buddhist statues and sculptures. There is a small store inside the sanctuary.
Lihiniya Gems
- Jewelry Shopping: Specializes in high-quality Sri Lankan jewelry.
- Souvenirs: Great place to buy unique, locally crafted souvenirs.
- Located in Galle: A must-visit shopping spot for visitors in the area.
- Fair Prices: Known for offering competitive pricing on jewelry items.
- Handmade Designs: Features a variety of handcrafted gemstone jewelry.
Those visiting Galle will want to check out the shopping opportunities at Lihiniya Gems. With several specialty shops, you’re bound to find the perfect souvenir to remember your trip by. Lihiniya Gems specializes in jewelry, and many find that the prices are fair. Whether shopping or sightseeing, the Lihiniya Gems shop is a great choice.
Naga Pooshani Ambal Kovil
- Hindu Temple: A prominent Hindu temple located on Nainativu Island in Jaffna.
- Dedicated to Nayinar: Worships the serpent god and goddess.
- Religious Site: A pilgrimage destination for Hindus.
- Architectural Beauty: Showcases traditional Tamil architecture.
- Cultural Significance: Important for both locals and tourists.
The Naga Pooshani Ambal Kovil is a religious site located on the island of Nainativu in Jaffna. It features the Sri Nagapooshani Amman Temple, which is believed to have been used by early natives for the worship of the serpent god, Nayinar.
Dagoba of Thuparama
- Oldest Dagoba: Believed to house a relic of the Buddha’s collarbone.
- Located in Anuradhapura: One of the most important historical sites in Sri Lanka.
- Buddhist Pilgrimage Site: Attracts thousands of pilgrims every year.
- Architectural Heritage: Known for its ancient and intricate design.
- Access Fee: Visitors must pay a fee to enter and explore.
Located in Anuradhapura, the Dagoba of Thuparama is the oldest in Sri Lanka and is believed to house the Buddha’s collarbone.
Sri Lanka is a beautiful place that sits adjacent to the Indian Ocean. The water ensures that there are numerous activities to engage in, and Sri Lanka has no shortage of water sports. There are more than three hundred waterfalls in the land and more than two hundred and fifty botanical gardens to enjoy. The historical aspect of Sri Lanka is evident through numerous Dagobas, temples, UNESCO World Heritage Sites, and archaeological structures to keep tourists busy throughout their trip. The climate makes it a popular tourist destination; however, many tourists avoid traveling to Sri Lanka during the monsoon season as the weather can be quite tumultuous during that time.
Those visiting the area will want to ensure they utilize various tour guides to take in all of the wondrous sites that Sri Lanka has to offer. Sri Lanka is rich in cultural history and diversity, and there is always something exciting and festive to do. With numerous sporting events, top-of-the-line hotels, and a rich array of food choices, those who visit Sri Lanka will also find incredible wildlife to behold. Sri Lanka offers numerous benefits to travelers and is one of Asia’s top tourist destinations.
Suggested to Read: